Adrenomedullin: an important participant in neurological diseases

Adrenomedullin,a peptide with multiple physiological functions in nervous system injury and disease,has aroused the interest of researchers.This review summarizes the role of adrenomedullin in neuropathological disorders,including pathological pain,brain injury and nerve regeneration,and their treatment.As a newly characterized pronociceptive mediator,adrenomedullin has been shown to act as an upstream factor in the transmission of noxious information for various types of pathological pain including acute and chronic inflammatory pain,cancer pain,neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury and diabetic neuropathy.Initiation of glia-neuron signaling networks in the peripheral and central nervous system by adrenomedullin is involved in the formation and maintenance of morphine tolerance.Adrenomedullin has been shown to exert a facilitated or neuroprotective effect against brain injury including hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury.Additionally,adrenomedullin can serve as a regulator to promote nerve regeneration in pathological conditions.Therefore,adrenomedullin is an important participant in nervous system diseases.     

Performance standard-based validation study for local lymph node assay: 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-flow cytometry method

Local lymph node assay: 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-flow cytometry method (LLNA: BrdU-FCM) is a modified non-radioisotopic technique with the additional advantages of accommodating multiple endpoints with the introduction of FCM, and refinement and reduction of animal use by using a sophisticated prescreening scheme. Reliability and accuracy of the LLNA: BrdU-FCM was determined according to OECD Test Guideline (TG) No. 429 (Skin Sensitization: Local Lymph Node Assay) performance standards (PS), with the participation of four laboratories. Transferability was demonstrated through successfully producing stimulation index (SI) values for 25% hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (HCA) consistently greater than 3, a predetermined threshold, by all participating laboratories. Within- and between-laboratory reproducibility was shown using HCA and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, in which EC2.7 values (the estimated concentrations eliciting an SI of 2.7, the threshold for LLNA: BrdU-FCM) fell consistently within the acceptance ranges, 0.025–0.1% and 5–20%, respectively. Predictive capacity was tested using the final protocol version 1.3 for the 18 reference chemicals listed in OECD TG 429, of which results showed 84.6% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 88.9% accuracy compared with the original LLNA. The data presented are considered to meet the performance criteria for the PS, and its predictive capacity was also sufficiently validated.     

王玉林运用穴位注射治疗肾病综合征并下肢深静脉血栓经验

国家级名老中医王玉林教授以经络学说为指导,运用穴位注射疗法治疗肾病综合征合并下肢深静脉血栓形成,临床疗效显著,该文对王老临床经验进行总结。     

艾灸配合穴位贴敷治疗老年抑郁症的效果分析

目的:探讨艾灸配合穴位贴敷治疗老年抑郁症的效果分析。方法:将2013年1月-2019年1月在北京市东城区东花市社区卫生服务中心中医科和全科治疗的200例老年抑郁症患者随机分为两组,对照组常规使用西药治疗,在此基础上观察组使用艾灸配合穴位贴敷治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale,HAMD)评分变化、5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平变化。结果:观察组治疗有效率为97%(97/100),明显高于对照组的78%(78/100)(P<0.05);观察组治疗2周、4周、8周的HAMD评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗后5-HT水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:艾灸配合穴位贴敷治疗老年抑郁症的效果显著,能有效缓解抑郁症状,提高血清5-HT水平,具有积极的临床意义。     

胃神经官能症予以中西医结合治疗

目的:观察胃神经官能症予以中西医结合治疗的效果。方法:选取我院2018年4月-2019年4月收治的134例胃神经官能症患者进行研究,依照治疗方法的不同,将其分为参照组和研究组两组,每组各67例,参照组实施穴位注射治疗,研究组在参照组的基础上采用中药剂柴胡桂枝汤治疗,对两组患者治疗前后的中医症状体征积分、焦虑评分、抑郁评分、治疗总有效率及复发情况进行观察和比较。结果:治疗前两组患者的食少纳差、胃脘胀痛、少寐多梦及神疲乏力等中医症状体征积分差异不明显(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患者的食少纳差、胃脘胀痛、少寐多梦及神疲乏力等中医症状体征积分明显比参照组优(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者的焦虑评分及抑郁评分差异不明显(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患者的焦虑评分、抑郁评分及复发率明显比参照组低(P<0.05);治疗总有效率明显比参照组高(P<0.05)。结论:穴位注射与中药剂柴胡桂枝汤联合治疗胃神经官能症,可使患者临床症状得到明显改善及治疗有效率得到提高,缓解患者产生的焦虑、抑郁情绪,并且还能使患者治疗后的复发率得到降低,值得进行临床应用和推广。     

Current and emerging systemic treatments targeting the neural system for chronic pruritus

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Pruritus is a debilitating symptom that significantly affects the quality of life of patients who suffer from it. Many current and emerging systemic treatments targeting the neural system have been successful in treating itch of various underlying etiologies.